Fig. 1: c-di-AMP impairs GlcNAc utilization and the GlcNAc-triggered response.

a disA transcription levels and intracellular c-di-AMP concentrations in WT and OdisA strains grown in liquid TSB medium during late exponential growth (48 h). Fold change represents the expression level or c-di-AMP level compared to the WT strain. The c-di-AMP concentrations of the samples were normalized to the dry cell weight. Data are presented as mean values ± SD for n = 3 biological replicates. b Growth curves of S. erythraea WT and OdisA strains grown at 30 °C in liquid TSB medium with glucose addition. Data are presented as mean values ± SD for n = 3 biological replicates. c Growth curves and GlcNAc utilization of S. erythraea WT and OdisA strains grown at 30 °C in liquid TSB medium with GlcNAc addition. Solid lines indicate growth and dashed lines illustrate GlcNAc utilization. Data are presented as mean values ± SD for n = 3 biological replicates. Phenotypes of WT and OdisA strains grown for 168 h on nutrient-rich R2YE agar plates with glucose (d) or GlcNAc addition (e). Representative pictures of two independent experiments with similar results are shown. SEM examination of WT and OdisA strains grown for 72 h on R2YE agar plates with glucose (f) or GlcNAc addition (g). Representative pictures of two independent experiments with similar results are shown. h Quantitative analysis of erythromycin production of WT and OdisA strains by HPLC. Erythromycin was extracted from cultures grown for 120 h in 50 ml TSB at 30 °C. Data are presented as mean values ± SD for n = 3 biological replicates. An unpaired two-sided t test was used for the statistical analysis. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.