Fig. 3: Probabilistic transition behavior of the H-H neuron.

A The switching cycles of the two TS devices used for the H-H circuit, showing similar V_TH and V_Hold with random fluctuations. B The V_TH and V_Hold of the two devices show some randomness under 5000 cycles and satisfy the Gaussian distribution. C The output phase diagram of the neuron circuit when the V_Hold of TS₁ and the V_TH of TS₂ vary within a range satisfying the Gaussian distribution. When the V_TH and V_Hold of the devices are randomly changed in a certain range, the circuit can generate mixed firing features under constant input. The voltage values of the two sources are designed to be within \(\frac{{V}_{{TH}}+{V}_{{Hold}}}{2}\) and \({V}_{{TH}}\). (Simulation) D The output of the neuron shows probabilistic transition behavior under different voltage inputs. At 0.9 V, the output of the neuron is in the spiking feature. At 1.2 V, the output of the neuron presents a mixed pattern of bursting and spiking, and at 1.5 V, the output is in the bursting feature. (Experiment) E The bursting probability of the neuron increases with the input voltage. (Experiment) F Joint interspike interval (JISI) scatter plots of the spike train with input from 0.3 V–1.5 V. (Experiment).