Fig. 5: The effect of warming on soil CO2 efflux (and its components) from the meta-analysis of all grasslands or alpine grasslands globally as well as the whole-soil warming experiment in an alpine grassland.
From: Whole-soil warming leads to substantial soil carbon emission in an alpine grassland
The responses of soil respiration (Rs), heterotrophic respiration (Rh), and autotrophic respiration (Ra) to experimental warming (% increase CO2 efflux) in all grasslands (a) or alpine grasslands (b) globally (all are surface-soil warming; meta-analysis, total and paired data) and this whole-soil warming in the alpine grassland. Black and yellow represent the results from the meta-analysis and our whole-soil warming experiment, respectively. Circles and error bars represent average parameter estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in the linear mixed effects models (two–sided). The vertical dashed line represents the warming effect size = 0. If the 95% CI did not overlap zero, the effect of warming was statistically significant (denoted by *). Total data are from experiments that only measured total soil respiration (but did not separate it into heterotrophic and autotrophic components), while paired data are from experiments that separated total soil respiration into heterotrophic and autotrophic components. The sample size (n) for each variable is in parentheses. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
