Fig. 2: Structural characterization of CuO and Cu3Ag7 catalysts before and after COR at 200 mA cm2.

a SEM images of as-prepared CuO (a-CuO) and Cu3Ag7 (a-Cu3Ag7) precursors and post-COR CuO and Cu3Ag7 samples. b XRD patterns of as-prepared CuO and CuAg precursors. c XRD patterns of post-reacted CuO and CuAg catalysts. d STEM XEDS elemental mapping of post-reacted Cu3Ag7 catalyst. e, f HRTEM images of rod-shaped particles edge in post-reacted Cu3Ag7. g STEM image of nanoparticles on the surface of post-reacted Cu3Ag7. h, i STEM XEDS elemental mapping of nanoparticles on the surface of post-reacted Cu3Ag7. Relevant source data are provided as a Source Data file.