Fig. 2: Characterization of perovskite surface energetics. | Nature Communications

Fig. 2: Characterization of perovskite surface energetics.

From: Reducing nonradiative recombination for highly efficient inverted perovskite solar cells via a synergistic bimolecular interface

Fig. 2

a UPS spectra of secondary electron cutoff region and valence band region of perovskite films with and without SBI. b Energy level diagram of the SBI-modified perovskite. c EF of the SBI-modified perovskite pinning to negative polaron transport state of PCBM used as ETL. d–f Surface morphology and potential images from KPFM. g Statistical potential distributions of film surfaces.

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