Fig. 4: Kinetic and mechanistic investigations.

a, b The kinetic analysis of PdO (a) and other seven catalysts (b), data points depict the dependence of experimental partial current densities (equivalent to reaction rates under high FEs) on the cyclohexene concentrations, and the solid curves show the mathematical fitting of the kinetic data. c Electrochemical in situ ATR-FTIR spectra of PdO vary from 1.3 VRHE to 2.0 VRHE, solution: 0.1 M TMABr+0.05 M C6H10 in MeCN/H2O (1:2); d The adsorption energy of cyclohexene with different material.