Fig. 2: Biocompatibility of PUR scaffold with hAESCs in vitro.

a Representative fluorescent image of phalloidin (red) showing the morphology of hAESCs on PUR, n = 3 independent experiments. b Representative SEM image of the PUR-hAESC patch. c Higher-magnification image of the white frame in b, white arrow indicating the migration of hAESCs cultured on PUR. d 3D-reconstructed confocal images of hAESCs after culture for 1, 3 and 5 days on PUR porous scaffolds. e Migration depth of hAESCs into the porous scaffold, 1 d vs 3 d (p = 0.0011), 3 d vs 5 d (p = 0.0104), n = 3 independent experiments. f Viability of hAESCs in PUR porous scaffold for 1, 3 and 5 days assayed via CCK-8 assay, 1 d vs 3 d (p < 0.0001), 3 d vs 5 d (p < 0.0001), n = 3 independent experiments. g Calcein-AM (live)/EthD-1 (dead) staining to determine the viability of hAESC with or without PUR scaffold after oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) injury; quantification summary in h, p < 0.0001, n = 5 independent experiments. i TUNEL staining (green) and phalloidin staining (red) revealed the viability and morphology of hAESC on PUR scaffold after OGD injury and quantification summary in j, p < 0.0001, n = 5 independent experiments. Scale bar, 50 μm in a, c, g, i and 100 μm in b. All data are presented as means ± SD, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ****p < 0.0001 vs control, one-way ANOVA in e and f, followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test and two-tailed unpaired t test in h and j.