Fig. 3: Placental histological analysis and immunohistochemistry staining in patients diagnosed with CHI and treated with Inflammasome Blockade strategy.

Stainings were repeated on multiple different sections of the placental samples, and the most representative data are presented (scale-bar: 200μ). Panels A1 and B1 present microscopic placental features from Patient 1 (A1) and Patient 2 (B1), both diagnosed with CHI. Hematoxylin-eosin-saffron staining of placental tissue reveals the presence of macrophages (magnification: x100). Insets provide a closer view, highlighting histiocytic infiltration through CD68 immunostaining. Panels A2 and B2 display microscopic placental features from the consecutive pregnancies of Patient 1 (A2) and Patient 2 (B2), following treatment with anakinra and colchicine. Hematoxylin-eosin-saffron staining of placental tissue reveals limited lesions associated with vascular malperfusion, with an absence of CHI-related lesions (magnification: x100). Insets provide an amplified view, emphasizing the very limited histiocytic infiltration through CD68 immunostaining. Panel C (1–4) showcases placental immunohistochemistry staining using anti-NLRP3 antibodies for Patient 1, diagnosed with CHI (C1), and after undergoing treatment with an inflammasome blockade strategy (C3). Panels C2 and C4 serve as term-matched controls for C1 and C3, respectively (magnification: x100). Panel D (1–4) illustrates placental immunohistochemistry staining with anti-PYCARD antibodies for Patient 1, diagnosed with CHI (D1), and following treatment with an inflammasome blockade strategy (D3). Panels D2 and D4 function as term-matched controls for D1 and D3, respectively (magnification: x100).