Fig. 3: Manhattan plots and quantile-quantile (QQ) plots of the meta-analyses for the area under the curve estimated phenotypes across infancy (0–0.5 years), early childhood (1.5–3.5 years), late childhood (6.5–10 years) and adolescence (12–17 years).
From: A framework for conducting GWAS using repeated measures data with an application to childhood BMI

The two-sided association P value on the –log10 scale obtained from the inverse-variance-weighted fixed-effects meta-analysis for each of the SNPs (y-axis) was plotted against the genomic position (NCBI Build 37; x-axis). Loci are labelled with their nearest gene annotated by LocusZoom. The red dotted line in the Manhattan plots corresponds to the genome-wide significance level of P < 5×10−8, which accounts for multiple testing. The red dots in the QQ plots are the two-sided association P-values, the blue shading represents the 95% confidence bands of the expected values. λgc is the genomic inflation factor.