Fig. 2: Quantitative descriptions for zincophilicity and side reactions.
From: Synergetic bifunctional Cu-In alloy interface enables Ah-level Zn metal pouch cells
a ΔGH* and corresponding adsorption configurations of an H atom on different crystal faces. b LSV curves on different electrodes in 0.5 M Na2SO4 solution (3-electrode without IR-corrected, WE: Zn foils, CE: Pt foil electrode, RE: Ag/AgCl electrode, 25 °C). c Binding energy and corresponding adsorption configurations of a Zn atom on different crystal faces. d Chronopotentiometry curve of different electrodes in a three-electrode-system at the scanning rate of 1 mV s−1 (3-electrode without IR-corrected, WE: Zn foils, CE: bare Zn foils, RE: Ag/AgCl electrode, 25 °C). e, f In situ optical microscope pictures of Zn deposition on e bare Zn electrode and f CuIn@Zn at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 (symmetric cells). g Schematic illustration of in situ interfacial pH detection by pH UME. h In situ interfacial pH evolution curves on different Zn electrodes at the platting current density of 10 mA cm−2. i, j The mapping of interfacial pH changes on i bare Zn and j CuIn@Zn after soaking for 24 h. k–n In situ Raman spectra of k, l bare Zn and m, n CuIn@Zn negative electrode (100 μm of thickness) cycling in the symmetric cell at the current density of 5 mA cm−2 for 2.5 mAh cm−2 and corresponding time-voltage curve. The thickness of Zn foils in above tests is 100 μm.
