Fig. 8: Type I IFN and TNF induce costimulatory marker expression on DCs in human tumours.

a Schematic of experiment using human head and neck tumour samples. b Frequency of total DCs (left) and CD141+ DCs (right) in human tumors treated for 24 h ex vivo with media or hTNF/hIFNβ (20 ng/mL hTNF and 50 ng/mL hIFNβ) (n = 4 patient tumours per condition, compiled from 4 independent experiments, two-tailed, paired t test). c–e Expression of HLA-ABC (c), CD80 (d) and CD86 (e) on total DCs and CD141+ DCs 24 h post treatment with media or hTNF/hIFNβ (n = 4 patient tumours per condition, compiled from 4 independent experiments, two-tailed, paired t test). For each treatment condition, the same four samples were used to measure frequency of DCs and expression of HLA-ABC, CD80 and CD86. Schematic in a was created in BioRender. Lab, M (2024) BioRender.com/m62j741. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.