Fig. 6: Regulation of nonclassical reversible radiolysis by introducing hydrogen atmosphere in environmental transmission electron microscope.

a The schematic of a dedicated ETEM equipped with a differential pumping vacuum system. b The schematic illustration of bond ionization followed by either inhibited or facilitated self-repairing events in hydrogen environment and vacuum respectively. The R* radical refers to O (red color) radical. c The dose series HRTEM images of the UiO-66(Hf) crystal in hydrogen atmosphere with a pressure of 5 mbar. The lattice contrast is enhanced by Bragg filtering. The crystalline-to-amorphous domains are rendered in a purple-blue-green false-color code.