Fig. 8: Sniffing is associated with recruitment of D1 and D2 spiny projection neurons.

a Fiber photometry schematic in head-fixed mice. Aspects created in BioRender. Wesson, D. (2024) https://BioRender.com/v60o506. b Optic fiber implant locations. c Activity of D1 and D2 neurons in the TuS during spontaneous sniffing. ci Mean D1 and D2 neuron activity aligned to spontaneous sniff bout onset (D1, n = 4, D2, n = 5 mice). Box plots = average bout duration (including mean line, a box of 25^th-75^th percentiles, and whiskers showing min to max values). cii Average peak of GCaMP (D1, n = 4, 2 points/mouse. D2, n = 5, 2points/mouse). ciii Mean sniffing instantaneous frequency (same samples as in Cii). While there was no correlation between GCaMP signal in D1 neurons (peak z-score during a bout) and average sniff frequency during the bout, p > 0.05), there was in D2 neurons (cv, p < 0.0001, Person’s correlation, see Results for absolute p values). d Activity of D1 and D2 TuS neurons during odor-evoked sniffing. di Average sniffing frequency of both D1-cre (n = 4, 2 sessions/mouse) and D2-cre (n = 5, 2 sessions/mouse) mice across repeated odors (individual mice = light gray). GCaMP responses across odor presentations in D1-(dii and diii) and D2-mice (div and dv) with both groups compared in (dvi). Data in (ci), (dii) and (div) smoothed for visualization purposes. In all panels when depicting a singular bar with whiskers, data are mean ± SEM. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.