Fig. 5: Suppression of AQP4 function mitigates the effects of 40 Hz blue light treatment.

a The experimental timeline of the TGN020 injection, blue light treatment, behavioral tests, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) test and sacrifice (sac). b The spontaneous alternation and total numbers of arm entries in the Y-maze test (n = 9, 8, 9, 9). c Representative heatmaps of animals’ traveling paths during the test session of the novel object recognition (NOR). d Quantification of the discrimination index (DI) and the total time spent on exploring both objects (total exploration) during the training and the test sessions of NOR (n = 9, 8, 8, 9). e Schematic of MRI test. f Representative images of Gd-DOTA signal intensity gain in MRI sequences. Scale bar, 3 mm. g Quantification of the Gd-DOTA signal intensity gain (relative to baseline) in the hippocampus over 12 MRI acquisition sequences (n = 4, 4, 5, 4). WT-Con-Veh, wild-type littermates that did not receive blue light treatment and injected with vehicle; AD-Con-Veh, 5xFAD mice that did not receive blue light treatment and injected with vehicle; AD-BLUE-Veh, 5xFAD mice that received blue light treatment and vehicle injection; AD-BLUE-TGN020, 5xFAD mice that received blue light treatment and TGN020 injection. All data are presented as the mean ± SEM and analyzed by one-way ANOVA (b, d) or two-way ANOVA (g) followed by Tukey’s post hoc tests.