Fig. 5: Economic and environment analysis.
From: Galvanic leaching recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries via low entropy-increasing strategy
a The simple schematic diagram illustrating the scalable upcycling process from spent NCM batteries to new Al-doped LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 electrode materials, and the specific process flow diagram is shown in Fig. S20. b Total energy consumption comparison. c Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission comparison. d Comprehensive comparison of gaseous pollutants. e Cost and revenue of recycling 1 kg of spent LIBs to 1 kg of LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 electrode materials. f The final profit of recycling 1 kg of spent LIBs. $ is in US dollars.
