Fig. 5: Unassisted solar water splitting with a BiVO4-PV artificial leaf. | Nature Communications

Fig. 5: Unassisted solar water splitting with a BiVO4-PV artificial leaf.

From: A standalone bismuth vanadate-silicon artificial leaf achieving 8.4% efficiency for hydrogen production

Fig. 5

Scheme of a BVO-ΔOv/FeOOH-PV artificial leaf with circuit connection (a) and charge transportation (b). c Digital image of a wireless BVO-ΔOv/FeOOH-PV artificial leaf with dimensions of 21 cm × 21 cm (exposed area: 306.25 cm2). d J–V curves of a BVO-ΔOv/FeOOH photoanode and PV behind the BVO-ΔOv/FeOOH photoanode in tandem with an exposed area of 0.126 cm2 under AM 1.5 G irradiation (100 mW cm−2). e Photocurrent density-time curve of a wired BVO-ΔOv/FeOOH-PV artificial leaf with dimensions of 3 cm × 3 cm (exposed area: 6.25 cm2) under AM 1.5 G irradiation. f The corresponding H2 and O2 evolution of a of a wired BVO-ΔOv/FeOOH-PV artificial leaf with dimensions of 3 cm × 3 cm (exposed area: 6.25 cm2) under AM 1.5 G irradiation. Relative environmental impacts of the three scenarios for hydrogen production (normalized to the highest value among three scenarios for each impact category): g classified by resources and emissions, and (h) classified by unit process. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

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