Correction to: Nature Communications https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-56814-w, published online 13 February 2025

The original version of this Article omitted the author Tania Cecilia Hidalgo Castillo, who is from the ‘Organic Bioelectronics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia’.

The “Author information” was amended to reflect the authorship changes. It previously read ‘Y.W. and W.S. contributed equally. S.I. conceived the research, designed the experiments, supervised the work, and wrote and edited the manuscript. Y.W. conceived the research, designed the experiments, synthesized the polymers, conducted OECT characterization and the characterization of photoelectrochemical synapse, graded neuron characterization, synaptic array for image recognition and memory, and wrote the manuscript. W.S. conducted the characterization of the optoelectrochemical synapse and performed UV-VIS-NIR spectrochemistry. H. Li conducted the simulation of graded neurons for motion, in-sensor reservoir computing, and color image processing, supervised by N.A. Y.Z. built a synaptic array for image recognition and memory. H. Ling conceived the graded neuron idea. J.U. evaluated the cytotoxicity of the polymer film. S.W. conducted the XPS and TEM characterization. T.C. conducted the CV and e-QCMD measurements. V.M. conducted TEM-cross section experiments. W.Y. conducted GPC and GIWAXS measurements. All authors contributed to the discussion and writing.'

The correct version states ‘Y.W. and W.S. contributed equally. S.I. conceived the research, designed the experiments, supervised the work, and wrote and edited the manuscript. Y.W. conceived the research, designed the experiments, synthesized the polymers, conducted OECT characterization and the characterization of photoelectrochemical synapse, graded neuron characterization, synaptic array for image recognition and memory, and wrote the manuscript. W.S. conducted the characterization of the optoelectrochemical synapse and performed UV-VIS-NIR spectrochemistry. H. Li conducted the simulation of graded neurons for motion, in-sensor reservoir computing, and color image processing, supervised by N.A. Y.Z. built a synaptic array for image recognition and memory. H. Ling conceived the graded neuron idea. J.U. evaluated the cytotoxicity of the polymer film. S.W. conducted the XPS and TEM characterization. T.C. conducted the CV and e-QCMD measurements. V.M. conducted TEM-cross section experiments. T.C.H.C. conducted the EIS measurement. W.Y. conducted GPC and GIWAXS measurements. All authors contributed to the discussion and writing.'

This has been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.