Fig. 5: Soma-spine alignment increases over development.

a Average intensity projection of a dendritic segment imaged on D5 and D10 with example lost, added, and retained spines labeled with arrows. Polar plot of soma and spine's orientation selectivity index (OSI) and preferred orientation (ori pref). Scale bar = 5 µm. b OSI in responsive spines during binocular viewing among retained, lost, and added spines from D1 to D5 and D5 to D10. D1 to D5: N = 63 lost spines (D1), 78 retained spines (D1), 32 added spines (D5), 51 retained spines (D5). D5 to D10: N = 39 lost spines (D5), 101 retained spines (D5), 36 added spines (D10), 107 retained spines (D10) (two-tailed Wilcoxon rank sum test). c ΔOSI for retained spines that were responsive during binoc viewing on both D1 and D5 or D5 and D10: N = 28 spines (D1 to D5) and 51 spines (D5 to D10) (two-tailed Wilcoxon signed rank test). Pie chart insets denote the portion of retained spines that exhibited significant changes in their tuning compared to a bootstrapped shuffle (labeled as green in scatter). Bar plots (black bar) indicate the mean ± SEM for all retained spines plotted against the green y-axis. d Same as (c) but for | Δ orientation preference | . e Orientation offset from soma for tuned (OSI > 0.3) lost, added, and retained spines from D1 to D5 and D5 to D10. D1 to D5: N = 46 lost spines (D1), 58 retained spines (D1), 14 added spines (D5), 22 retained spines (D5). D5 to D10: N = 20 lost spines (D5), 53 retained spines (D5), 17 added spines (D10), 67 retained spines (D10) (two-tailed Wilcoxon rank sum test). f Cumulative distribution of orientation offset from soma for spines on D1, D5, and D10. N = 202 spines (D1), 112 spines (D5), and 122 spines (D10) (Kruskal-Wallis test and post hoc Dunn’s test for timepoint). For (b–e): error bars denote the mean ± SEM. n.s. not significant. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.