Fig. 3: Activity of DG SOMIs is modulated during transitions between locomotion and resting.
From: Predictive goal coding by dentate gyrus somatostatin-expressing interneurons in male mice
a Single unit activities of optogenetically identified DG SOMIs relative to running speed and licks during 2 laps on the maze. Red horizontal line refers to threshold between immobility and locomotion (≥0.5 cm s−1). Inset, expanded view on activities of DG SOMIs during locomotion onset (gray shaded time window). b Average running speed of all recorded mice and sessions near rewards. Red dashed line refers to the time of reward onset. c SOMI activity during transitions between immobility and running. SOMIs, which showed decreased discharges during running onset (left) and the opposite activity change during running offset (right), were defined as OFF-SOMIs (blue units). Upper, OFF-SOMI activity during individual transitions between running and immobility. Bottom, activity heat map for individual OFF-SOMIs and their averaged discharge rate as well as velocity during initiation (left) and termination of running (right; n = 61 cells, 17 mice, 19 recordings). Single-cell activity was normalized to maximal mean firing of the cell. Data were aligned to running on- or offset. d Same as (c) but for ON-SOMIs (green units) characterized by increased activity during locomotion onset and reduced discharge frequency during running offsets (n = 27 cells, 11 mice, 14 sessions). e Fraction of OFF-, ON-SOMIs and SOMIs, which were not modulated during transitions between locomotion and immobility (NON-SOMIs, black units; see also Supplementary Figs. 8–10). f Mean firing rates of OFF- and ON-SOMIs during the entire recording session (n = 61 and 26 cells, respectively; two-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum test, P = 0.65). g Mean activity difference between immobility and locomotion during running onsets (left, paired two-tailed t-test, P = 1.16 × 10−8; n = 59 cells, 16 mice) and offsets (right, P = 1.00 × 10−9; n = 27 cells, 11 mice). Boxes in (f, g) represent 25th–75th percentiles; red bar, median; black dashed line, mean; whiskers, the largest/smallest data point within the ±1.5 IQR range. Areas in (b–d) with lines represent mean ± SEM. ***P < 0.001; ns not significant. Similar data were obtained in three mouse cohorts. For details, see “Methods”.
