Fig. 12: The different behaviors between e-vessels and native vessels.

a The curve of stress-strain comparison between the electronic vessel and native vessel¹⁸³. b The compliance test comparison between the electronic vessel and the native vessel¹⁸³. c The burst pressure test comparison between the electronic vessel and the native vessel¹⁸³. d The elongation at break comparison between the electronic vessel and native vessel¹⁸³. e The modulus of elasticity comparison between the electronic vessel and the native vessel¹⁸³. f The ultimate tensile strength comparison between the electronic vessel and the native vessel¹⁸³. b–f The error bars show the standard deviation. g A schematic of the e-vessel of the rabbit¹⁸³. a–g Copyright 2020, Elsevier.