Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study cohorts.

From: Genetic variation in glutamatergic genes moderates the effects of childhood adversity on brain volume and IQ in treatment-resistant schizophrenia

Variables

CRC-TRS

ASRB-Scz

Comparisons, p value

(A) Controls n = 40

(B) TRS n = 51

(C) Controls n = 118

(D) Schizophrenia n = 154

A vs B

A vs C

B vs D

C vs D

Age, mean, years (SD)

39.1 (10.8)

39.5 (1.3)

41.1 (13.7)

37.3 (9.91)

0.912

0.181

0.075

0.010

Gender, male, n (%)

24 (39.3)

37 (60.7)

58 (49.2)

107 (69.5)

0.117

0.235

0.587

<0.001

Childhood adversity, mean (SD)

30.7 (4.9)

42.3 (14.2)

2.8 (3.3)

5.8 (4.7)

<0.001

0.01

<0.001

<0.001

Childhood adversity using z-score, mean (SD)

−0.5 (0.3)

0.4 (1.2)

−0.4 (0.8)

0.3 (1.1)

<0.001

<0.001

0.627

<0.001

GRS, mean (SD)

0.0005 (0.0028)

0.0012 (0.0029)

0.0006 (0.0031)

0.0009 (0.0028)

0.508

0.620

0.432

0.365

Duration of illness, mean (SD)

 

No data available

 

13.9 (8.9)

    

WASI, mean IQ (SD)

111.7 (10.7)

86.1 (18.3)

116.7 (11.4)

106.27(13.5)

<0.001

0.410

0.005

<0.001

TBV, mean (SD)a

1140.5 (1262.8)

1100.41 (121.1)

1162.7 (117.9)

1183.7 (116.0)

0.741

0.601

0.350

0.072

  1. GRS glutamatergic genetic risk score, SD standard deviation, TRS treatment-resistant schizophrenia, WASI Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence.
  2. aBrain volume (uncorrected) (mm3).
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