Fig. 3: Optimization of vaccination routes for inducing efficacious overall and HPV-specific CD8+ T cell immune responses. | npj Vaccines

Fig. 3: Optimization of vaccination routes for inducing efficacious overall and HPV-specific CD8+ T cell immune responses.

From: mRNA-LNP vaccination-based immunotherapy augments CD8+ T cell responses against HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer

Fig. 3

a C57BL/6J mice (n = 5) were vaccinated subcutaneously or intravenously (10 μg/100 μl) on days 0, 5, and 10 with mRNA-LNPs. Whole blood, spleen, and inguinal lymph nodes (LNs) were collected on day 16 to measure the frequency of overall and dextramer+ CD8+ T cells. b T-SNE maps showing cluster distribution of CD8+ T cells using flowcytometry data (top) and t-SNE heatmaps for each marker applied on CD8+ T cell events (bottom). c Expression of different immune markers on CD8+ T cells in spleen, blood, and inguinal LNs in (Error bar = mean ± SEM, n = 5). Statistics were assessed by two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison tests. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001. d Histograms showing the differential expression of phenotypic markers expressed by dextramer+ or dextramer- populations after LNP-IV (top) or LNP-SC (bottom) assessed using flow cytometry (concatenated, n = 15). Data are representative of three independent experiments. Naive unvaccinated, IV intravenous, SC subcutaneous.

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