Fig. 1: Characterization of cHA-LAIV vaccine strains in vitro. | npj Vaccines

Fig. 1: Characterization of cHA-LAIV vaccine strains in vitro.

From: Sequential immunization with chimeric hemagglutinin ΔNS1 attenuated influenza vaccines induces broad humoral and cellular immunity

Fig. 1

a The final purified viral stocks were used to assess the comparative replication competence in Vero-CCL81 cells at a multiplicity of infection (MOI – 0.001) in triplicate and all viral supernatants were assessed by plaque assay. b Vero cells were infected at an MOI – 5 for 16 h for a single replication cycle and cells were stained using the broadly neutralizing antibody CR9114 for flow cytometric analysis. Infection percentages are shown for each virus. c cHA-LAIVs were plaqued in MDCK and MDCK-NS1 (only for ΔNS1 viruses) at 33 or 37 °C for 48 h. Plaques were immunostained using HT103 mAb (anti-NP) to assess temperature sensitive and attenuated phenotypes. d Amino acid changes noted in the HAs of cHA-ΔNS1 after passaging 10 times after virus rescue. Statistics were done using one way-ANOVA conducting multiple comparison against cH8/1-ΔNS1. **P < 0.083, ***P < 0.0009 and ****P < 0.0001. Data are shown as mean ± SE.

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