Extended Data Fig. 7: Comparison of pNSCs with other tissue stem cells and the origin of ldNSCs and pNSCs.

a,b, Pearson correlation (a) and hierarchical clustering (b) of tail pNSCs with brain NSCs, lung AT1 and AT2 stem cells, and hair follicle epithelium stem cells. n = 1 biological replicate. c,d, FACS strategy for postnatal lung Sox1-GFP+ (c) and Sox1-GFP- (d) cells, and representative morphologies of pNSC cluster and Sox1-GFP- cells after low-pH treatment and culture, as assessed by bright-field (BF) microscopy. e, NSC-like cluster forming efficiency from the postnatal tail and brain Sox1-GFP+ cells with or without low-pH treatment. The data represent means ± s.d. (n = 3 biological replicates). f, In Sox1-Cre-mTmG embryos, GFP expression was detected in the neuroepithelial cells at E8.5, as assessed by bright-field (BF) microscopy, GFP and Tomato signals. Data represent 3 biological replicates. g, Immunohistological analysis of E8.5 Sox1-Cre-mTmG embryos using antibody against GFP. Data represent 3 biological replicates. Scale bar, 50 μm. h, Lung pNSCs and tail pNSCs from postnatal Sox1-Cre-mTmG mouse could be stably maintained for more than 50 passages in monolayer, as assessed by bright-field (BF) microscopy, GFP and Tomato signals. i, Immunofluorescence microscopy images of lung pNSCs, tail pNSCs and brain NSCs from postnatal Sox1-Cre-mTmG mouse using antibodies against Sox1, Sox2, Olig2, Nestin, Sox10 and p75. j, Expression levels of NSC marker genes in different samples quantified by RT-qPCR, normalized to brain NSCs. The data represent means ± s.d. (n = 3 biological replicates). k, Lung pNSCs, tail pNSCs and brain NSCs from postnatal Sox1-Cre-mTmG mouse could differentiate into neurons (Tuj1+), astrocytes (GFAP+) and oligodendrocytes (MBP+) in vitro. l, The in vitro differentiation efficiencies of pNSCs and brain NSCs from Sox1-Cre-mTmG mouse into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes were quantified and compared via immunostaining with Tuj1, GFAP, and MBP, respectively. Brain control NSCs were used as a positive control for determining the relative differentiation efficiency. The data represent means ± s.d. (n = 3 biological replicates).