Extended Data Fig. 5: Composite maps displaying surface meltwater area percentage anomalies across Antarctica, based on selected summer Southern Annuar Mode index thresholds.
From: Continent-wide mapping shows increasing sensitivity of East Antarctica to meltwater ponding

(a) Greater than 2 (n = 6); (b) lower than 0.7 (n = 6); (c) greater than 3 (n = 2); (d) lower than -0.9 (n = 2); see Extended Data Table 2 for index values. For each composite plot, the number of years satisfying the criteria is displayed in brackets. Note the change in scale between plots a-b and plots c-d. Anomaly values are relative to the 15-year average. Ice-sheet and ice-shelf boundaries from ref. 56.