Extended Data Table 2 Mean summer climate indices per melt season, alongside corresponding meltwater area totals for the Antarctic Ice Sheets

From: Continent-wide mapping shows increasing sensitivity of East Antarctica to meltwater ponding

Melt Season

Climate Indices (Summer mean value)

Meltwater Total Area (km2)

SAM

ENSO

ASL RCP

ASL Longitude (°E)

EAIS

AP

WAIS

2006/07

1.63

0.7

−8.20

233.17

1355

1164

66

2007/08

3.11

−1.6

−6.11

230.75

1997

275

18

2008/09

1.81

−0.8

−7.38

266.33

1457

508

34

2009/10

−0.15

1.5

−6.79

257.33

2396

1480

57

2010/11

0.67

−1.4

−7.41

253.00

2029

821

83

2011/12

2.78

−0.9

−7.16

240.58

1026

424

71

2012/13

0.65

−0.4

−5.37

225.67

2391

1504

105

2013/14

0.5

−0.4

−5.62

203.75

4096

57

60

2014/15

3.69

0.5

−6.76

232.00

4713

120

87

2015/16

2.19

2.5

−8.06

230.83

1811

587

83

2016/17

−1.75

−0.3

−7.39

209.50

5945

771

76

2017/18

2.33

−0.9

−8.51

259.58

3298

1203

57

2018/19

1.43

0.7

−5.25

220.25

4245

58

62

2019/20

−0.96

0.5

−7.37

260.75

4023

2330

68

2020/21

2.88

−1.0

−9.35

246.67

1408

1528

41

  1. Climate index data are displayed for the Southern Annular Mode (SAM), El Niño/Southern Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and Amundsen Sea Low (ASL) Relative Central Pressure (RCP) and Longitude. Mean summer index values are based on the months of December, January and February. Corresponding annual surface meltwater totals for the EAIS, AP and WAIS are also displayed for each melt season.