Fig. 2: Comparison of carbon fixation rates within groundwater and the marine euphotic zone.
From: Carbon fixation rates in groundwater similar to those in oligotrophic marine systems

Violin plots depicting the distribution of carbon fixation rates measured in oligotrophic marine surface waters and groundwater. HOTs, Hawaiian Oceanographic Timeseries (1999, cruises 101–110); BATs, data from 1988 to 2016 for the Bermuda Atlantic Timeseries; Liang, a collated dataset compiled by Liang et al.26; GW, the range of groundwater samples shown in Fig. 1.