Fig. 4: Standard run.
From: Crustal carbonate build-up as a driver for Earth’s oxygenation
a, δ13C of atmosphere–ocean system plotted alongside carbonate isotope compilation from both Havig et al.53 and Saltzman and Thomas54. b, CO2 (ppm), with the dashed lines denoting the 95% confidence interval from a carbonate–silicate cycle model29. c, Atmospheric oxygen concentrations, with the dashed lines showing the oxygen concentrations from geochemical proxies55,56. d, Deep ocean oxygen content relative to present, with the dashed lines showing the oxygen concentrations constrained by ophiolites57. POL, present ocean level. e, Total modelled phosphorus burial on the distal shelf. The black line shows the 50 Myr binned total phosphorus concentrations of shelf sediments28. f, Global average surface temperature in °C. The 95% confidence intervals are shown as a shaded area with the median value plotted. Paleoarc., Paleoarchean; Mesoarc., Mesoarchean; Neoarc., Neoarchean; Neoprot., Neoproterozoic; Paleo., Paleozoic; Meso., Mesozoic; C., Cenozoic.
