Fig. 6: Mathematical modelling and plasmon resonance energy transfer analysis for probing quantum tunnelling in bio-nanoantennae system.
From: Wireless electrical–molecular quantum signalling for cancer cell apoptosis
a,b, Mathematic modelling to determine the rate of donor charging, rd, calculated using the metabolic activity, using equation (1), compared to the PEG linker length, L, for [email protected] c@Z (a) and [email protected] c@Z (b) in GIN 31 cell samples. The black lines show the exponential behaviour expected for quantum tunnelling with an inverse localization radius α and constant of proportionality β, shown in the figure legends. Error bars represent ±s.d. of the mean. The x-axis error bar represents the s.d. of the mean PEG linker length, and the y-axis error bar represents the s.d. of the mean rd (rate of Cyt c charging), which was obtained from equations (5)–(7) in the Methods. R2, coefficient of determination. c, Scattering spectra (I, intensity) and spectra difference (Δ) for QBET obtained for [email protected] c@Z bio-nanoantennae. The quantized peaks were obtained from the difference of scattering spectra between the samples functionalized with r.Cyt c and Z using a 2 kDa linker and GNP100. Solid curves are captured scattering spectra (linked to left axis) of [email protected] c@Z, and dashed curves are quantized peaks, that is, the corresponding spectra difference (linked to right axis). Blue arrows indicate a peak shift. LSPR, localized surface plasmon resonance. d, Quantized peaks of [email protected] c@Z within a 530–550 nm region (zoomed-in from c) confirming the presence of o.Cyt c in samples exposed to a.c. EFs.
