Extended Data Fig. 4: Time-resolved PL decay transients of perovskite films with various additives.
From: Additive treatment yields high-performance lead-free perovskite light-emitting diodes

a, Without additive. b, With PEAI. c, With PEAI and VmB1. The trap densities are (2 ± 1) × 1017, (7 ± 2) × 1016 and (9 ± 1) × 1015 cm−3 for samples without, with PEAI or PEAI+VmB1 additives through fits from the generic kinetic model19.