Extended Data Fig. 5: Nrf2-independent action of DI.
From: Electrophilic properties of itaconate and derivatives regulate the IκBζ–ATF3 inflammatory axis
a, Western blot of IκBζ expression in wild-type or Nrf2−/− BMDMs treated with DI and stimulated with LPS for 1 h. b, Western blot of p62 and HO-1 in wild-type or Nrf2−/− BMDMs treated with DI and stimulated with LPS. c, Western blot of IκBζ expression in wild-type and p62-deficient BMDMs treated with DI and stimulated with LPS. d, Western blot of IκBζ expression in wild-type and Hmox1-deficient BMDMs treated with DI and stimulated with LPS. e, Transcriptional comparison of Nrf2−/− and wild-type BMDMs treated with DI and GSEA statistics for unfolded protein response (UPR) and IFNα pathways. f, Pathways regulated by DI in an Nrf2-independent manner. Gene ranks, normalized enrichment score (NES), P and adjusted P (padj) are shown. g, h, Western blot of Nrf2 expression (g) or phosphorylated and total eIF2α (h) in DI-treated wild-type or Atf3−/− BMDMs. i–k, Western blot of ATF3 in BMDMs (i, j) and human blood monocytes (k) treated with DI in combination with NAC or EtGSH and stimulated with LPS. Data are representative of three experiments (a, g, i, j), two experiments (b, c, h), one experiment (d) and from two donors (k). For gel source data, see Supplementary Fig. 1.
