Extended Data Fig. 13: Site-specific determinants of spatial interactions between cancer cells, T cells and macrophages.

a, Representative mpIF fields of view (FOVs) from adnexal, bowel and omentum specimens from patient 007 (HRD-Dup), indicating spatial intra-patient variation in ligand-receptor interactions between PD-L1 and PD-1. First column, raw pseudocolour images; second column, cellular phenotypes of segmented cells; remaining columns, proximity of pairs of phenotypes, highlighting ligand-receptor interactions between PD-L1 and PD-1 with colour-coded phenotypes, and edges depicting nearest-neighbour distances. Only edges joining pairs of cells within 250 μm are shown. b–c, Nearest-neighbour distance from CD8⁺ T cell phenotypes to panCK⁺PD-L1⁺ cancer cells aggregated across FOVs, grouped by anatomic site. Vertical lines indicate the median nearest-neighbour distance. d–e, Nearest-neighbour distance from CD8⁺ T cell phenotypes to CD68⁺PD-L1⁺ macrophages aggregated across FOVs, grouped by anatomic site. Vertical lines indicate the median nearest-neighbour distance. f, Interaction network diagrams depicting ligand-receptor co-expression across cell types, grouped by mutational signature. Nodes show mean PD-1 (PDCD1) expression in CD4⁺ T, CD8⁺ T and NK clusters, and mean PD-L1 (CD274) expression in myeloid cell clusters in scRNA-seq data, depicted by circle size. Arrows join ligand-expressing sender clusters to receptor-expressing receiver clusters and are weighted by frequency of PD-1 and PD-L1 co-expression.