Extended Data Fig. 9: Experimental constraints on the effects of alkalinity (a) and carbonate precipitation rate (b) on CAP values in carbonate.

a, CAP uptake increases with progressively lower [CO32−] and alkalinity concentrations. b, CAP uptake decreases with increasing precipitation rate. The changes in CAP over the observed ranges in alkalinity and precipitation rate are small compared with the effects of phosphate concentration and solution pH (Dodd et al.29). All trendlines are linear fits. Error bars are ±5% for CAP and ±0.1 for Ca/ALK.