Fig. 4: Natural selection effects on population differentiation of immune responses.
From: Dissecting human population variation in single-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2
a, Estimated periods of selection, over the past 2,000 generations, for 245 SARS-CoV-2 reQTLs with significant signals of rapid adaptation in East Asians (CHS) (maximum |Z| > 3). Each horizontal line represents a variant, sorted in descending order of time to onset of selection. The area shaded in purple highlights the period (770–970 generations ago) associated with genetic adaptation at host coronavirus-interacting proteins in East Asians23. Several immunity-related genes are highlighted. b, Allele frequency trajectories of two SARS-CoV-2 reQTLs (rs1028396 at SIRPA and rs11645448 at NOD2) in Africans (YRI, green), Europeans (CEU, yellow) and East Asians (CHS, purple). The full lines indicate the maximum a posteriori estimate of allele frequency at each epoch and shaded areas indicate the 95% CIs. The dendrograms show the estimated unrooted population phylogeny for each eQTL based on PBS (that is, the branch length between each pair of populations is proportional to −log10[1 − FST]).
