Extended Data Fig. 7: Performance on various age distributions in predicting myocardial infarction.

The disease group remains unchanged (mean value of age is 72.1) while the four control groups are sampled with various age distributions (mean values of age are respectively 66.8, 68.5, 70.4, and 71.9). The X axis shows the age difference between disease group and control groups. With each control group, we evaluate the performance of predicting myocardial infarction. The performance of RETFound remains robust to age difference while that of compared models drops when the age difference decreases. Logistic regression uses age as input. The logistic regression performs well when age difference is large (about 6) but clearly worse than SSL models when the difference becomes smaller. 95% confidence intervals are plotted in colour bands and the mean value of performances are shown as the band centres.