Fig. 2: Recombination map and maternal age effects.

a, NCO maps for chromosome (chr.) 19. b, ΔDSB measure for chr. 19. Cytobands are shown below the graphs, with the centromere indicated in red, gneg bands in white, all gpos bands in grey, and gvar and stalk bands in blue. c,d, Average values of NCO (c) and ΔDSB (d) recombination maps near telomeres, with the NCO data normalized to the autosomal average. Error bars show 95% confidence intervals computed by bootstrapping 1,000 samples on the basis of map data for the 22 autosomes. e,f, As in c (e) and d (f), but for map values near centromeres. Dashed lines represent genome-wide averages. g,h, Results for per-offspring NCO count (g) and ΔDSB (h) of maternal meioses versus maternal age. Offspring are grouped by maternal age in bins of size 2 years; the points show group averages, omitting bins with fewer than 25 offspring. Error bars show 95% confidence intervals computed by bootstrapping 1,000 samples from the 5,240 probands. Green lines show linear regression results using the inverse of the size of the confidence intervals as weight. P values for regression results were based on Student’s t-distribution.