Fig. 2: XRD patterns of shock-compressed glassy carbon.
From: The structure of liquid carbon elucidated by in situ X-ray diffraction
The drive pressure increases from top to bottom, and the curves are shown with a constant offset of 10 a.u. The X-ray probing times of the lineouts are within 1 ns before shock release to probe mostly homogeneous conditions and avoid pressure release states. At ambient conditions, broad amorphous structures are present. Diamond formation is observed above about 76 GPa, the coexistence of diamond and liquid carbon from about 100 GPa and complete melting at about 160 GPa. The quoted pressure uncertainties are dominated by the error estimations of the shock velocity measurement (Methods). a.u., arbitrary units.
