Fig. 1: MAMA study design.
From: Multi-ancestry genome-wide association meta-analysis of Parkinson’s disease
Top panel: four ancestry groups used in the meta-analysis. Middle panel: MAMA and the two methods used. Random-effect (top) is better suited for risk variants with homogeneous effect direction across different ancestries, whereas MR-MEGA (bottom) can identify risk variants with heterogeneous effects due to population stratification introduced by ancestry differences. The densely dashed lines indicate Bonferroni adjusted suggestive threshold of two-sided P < 1 × 10−6, and the loosely dashed lines indicate Bonferroni adjusted significant threshold of two-sided P < 5 × 10−9. Bottom panel: downstream analyses and their examples. Created with Biorender.com.
