Supplementary Figure 1: Variant groups for constrained rare PTV rate comparison.

a) Mean rare PTVs/person in constrained genes only (pLI ≥ 0.9). b) Mean rare PTVs/person in unconstrained genes only (pLI < 0.9). c) Mean rare synonymous variants/person in constrained genes only (pLI ≥ 0.9). ‘Rare’ as described in the main text. *** denotes p (compared to controls) < 0.001; all p values by logistic regression (Methods). For exact p values, see Supplementary Table 1. Sample numbers are as follows: ASD, no ID: 3,091; ASD+ADHD, no ID: 684; ADHD, no ID: 3,206; ASD, ID: 871; ASD+ADHD, ID: 217; ADHD, ID: 271; Control: 5,002. ID = intellectual disability. Error bars are Poisson standard error.