Extended Data Fig. 4: The neural activities were orthogonalized to monkeys’ locomotion before Figs. 3–5 analyses.

(a) Monkey locomotion in a sample session for the press-locked time bins (< 3 s before or > 1 s after a press). Each dot represents the animal’s position in space, sampled every 200 ms. (b) Left: Population-averaged firing rates for each time bin in (a). Top and bottom show firing rates before and after subtracting the vector projection of locomotion. Right: Matrix of correlation coefficients between pre-press firing rate of each neuron and between the monkey’s locations Loc X and Loc Y and locomotion Loc D. For clarity, only an arbitrary subset of neurons is shown. (c) Histogram of correlation coefficients computed as in (b), but for all recorded neurons.