Fig. 5: CAS with advancing age.
a, Schematic overview of calculation of the module score of the CAS. b, Upset plots showing cell-type-specific and shared DEGs between main niche populations and the global transciptome of DG. Upper, age-dependent upregulation DEGs; lower, age-dependent downregulation DEGs. c, GO terms enriched in CAS-Up (upper) and CAS-Down (lower) score. All GO terms are shown by an adjusted P < 0.05 with Benjamini–Hochberg correction. d–h, CAS scores in astrocyte (two-tailed unpaired t-test with Welch’s correction; CAS-Up: t = 13.02, ****P < 0.0001 between young and middle-age; t = 13.58, ****P < 0.0001 between middle-age and old; t = 27.40, ****P < 0.0001 between young and old; CAS-Down: t = 15.99, ****P < 0.0001 between young and middle-age; t = 11.26, ****P < 0.0001 between middle-age and old; t = 27.12, ****P < 0.0001 between young and old) (d); qNSC (two-tailed unpaired t-test with Welch’s correction; CAS-Up: t = 3.250, **P = 0.0014 between young and middle-age; t = 2.913, **P = 0.0042 between middle-age and old; t = 5.698, ****P < 0.0001 between young and old; CAS-Down: t = 6.968, ****P < 0.0001 between young and middle-age; t = 4.121, ****P < 0.0001 between middle-age and old; t = 11.29, ****P < 0.0001 between young and old) (e); GC (two-tailed unpaired t-test with Welch’s correction; CAS-Up: t = 1.371, NS P = 0.1705 between young and middle-age; t = 9.256, ****P < 0.0001 between middle-age and old; t = 13.98, ****P < 0.0001 between young and old; CAS-Down: t = 8.109, ****P < 0.0001 between young and middle-age; t = 9.527, ****P < 0.0001 between middle-age and old; t = 24.75, ****P < 0.0001 between young and old) (f); EC (two-tailed unpaired t-test with Welch’s correction; CAS-Up: t = 8.506, ****P < 0.0001 between young and middle-age; t = 7.423, ****P < 0.0001 between middle-age and old; t = 15.50, ****P < 0.0001 between young and old; CAS-Down: t = 13.06, ****P < 0.0001 between young and middle-age; t = 9.099, ****P < 0.0001 between middle-age and old; t = 20.92, ****P < 0.0001 between young and old) (g); and microglia (two-tailed unpaired t-test with Welch’s correction; CAS-Up: t = 17.23, ****P < 0.0001 between young and middle-age; t = 4.486, ****P < 0.0001 between middle-age and old; t = 15.61, ****P < 0.0001 between young and old; CAS-Down: t = 18.94, ****P < 0.0001 between young and middle-age; t = 17.16, ****P < 0.0001 between middle-age and old; t = 31.36, ****P < 0.0001 between young and old) (h). Upper, ridge plot showing CAS-Up; lower, ridge plot showing CAS-Down score in each cell type. qNSC, quiescent neural stem cell; GC, granule cell; EC, endothelial cell; NS, not significant.
