Fig. 4

Time series of monthly total power generation data from CarbonMonitor-Power (red lines) and reference data. Dashed gray lines for BP’s Statistical Review of World Energy², dashed light blue lines for The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA)’s Renewable Energy Statistics¹⁹, solid green grey lines for Ember’s monthly power generation³², and solid dark blue lines for IEA’s monthly electricity statistics²⁰. For data from BP and IRENA, as the original data are provided as an annual total, it is plotted as a monthly average for comparison purposes.