Fig. 3

Production process of children’s dataset: The data came from 106 pediatric patients in Hangzhou Xiasha District Dental Hospital, and after expert consultation, patient data such as curved tomography were obtained by CBCT scanning. We eliminate all personal privacy information in the data, use the Pediatric CT Image Quality Scoring Standard (IQSC)17 to manually screen and exclude unqualified images, and annotate the resulting images in EISeg and Labelme respectively to obtain the corresponding data set.