Table 1 Overview of islands and archipelagos included in the SIVFLORA database.

Amsterdam

37°49′S

77°31′E

58

No (scientists and conservationists non-permanent personnel only)

Antarctic French National Park (1938); Terrestrial Nature Reserve; Marine Nature Reserve; French Southern Territories National Nature Reserve (RNN) 2006; UNESCO World Heritage Site (2019) entered as “French Austral Lands and Seas”

Sub-Antarctic

Antipodas

49°40′S

178°45′58″E

22

No

UNESCO World Heritage Site (1998) entered as “New Zealand Sub-Antarctic Islands”; Reserve for Protection of Flora & Fauna (1961); Antipodes Islands Nature Reserve (1977)

Sub-Antarctic

Bollons

49°38′S

178°49′04″E

2

Cabo Hornos (arch.)

55°58′S

67°17′21″W

630.93

Yes

Cape Horn National Park (1945); UNESCO Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB) Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve (2005)

Magellanic Sub-Antarctic

Bandurrias (BAN)

55°37′S

67°30′W

—

Bayly (BAY)

55°37′S

67°37′W

—

Grevy (GRE)

55°33′S

67°38′51,42″W

—

Hermite (HER)

55°50′S

67°25′00″W

143.6

Hornos (HOR)

55°58′S

67°14′W

28.3

Hoste (HOS)

55°15′S

69°00′W

—

Herschel (HSL)

55°50′S

67°12′W

65.5

Ottaries (OTT)

55°36′S

67°32′25″W

—

Wollaston (WOL)

55°44′S

67°19′W

—

Diego Ramirez (arch.)

56°29′S

68°44′W

—

No (meteorological station and lighthouse)

Cape Horn National Park (1945); National Protected Property (Bien Nacional Protegido BNP year 2008); Diego Ramírez Islands-Paso Drake Marine Park (2019)

Magellanic Sub-Antarctic

Bartolomé

56°32′S

68°43′W

1.2

Gonzalo

56°31′S

68°41′00″W

0.44

Auckland (arch.)

50°42′S

166°06′E

570

No

Auckland Islands Nature Reserve (1977); Auckland Islands-Motu Maha Marine Reserve; UNESCO World Heritage Site (1998) entered as “New Zealand Sub-Antarctic Islands”

Sub-Antarctic

Adams

50°53′S

166°3′36″E

96.95

Davis

—

—

0.001

Enderby

50°29′S

166°17′44″E

6.95

Ewing

50°31′S

166°18′E

0.58

Rose

—

—

0.8

Campbell

52°32′S

169°8′E

115

No (scientists and conservationist non-permanent personnel)

Moutere Ihupuku-Campbell Island Marine Reserve; Campbell Islands Nature Reserve (1977); UNESCO World Heritage Site (1998) entered as “New Zealand Sub-Antarctic Islands”

Sub-Antarctic

Crozet (arch.)

46°23′S

51°40′E

352

No (scientists and conservationist non-permanent personnel)

Antarctic French National Park (1924, except Possesion and L’Est islands); L’Est, aux Cochons, des Pingouins and des Apotres islands are designated as Specially Protected Areas; National Nature Reserve (2006); UNESCO World Heritage Site (2019) entered as “French Austral Lands and Seas”

Sub-Antarctic

Aux cochons

46°06′S

50°14′E

67

des Apotres

45°58′S

50°27′E

2

des Pingouins

46°27′S

50°23′E

3

L’est

46°26′S

52°18′E

130

Possesion

46°24′S

51°46′E

150

De los Estados

54°47′S

64°15′W

534

No (military, scientific and specific tourism non-permanent personnel)

“Isla de Los Estados y Archipiélago Año Nuevo” Wild Natural Reserve (2016)

Magellanic Sub-Antarctic

Observatory

54°39′S

64°08′W

4

Falkland/Malvinas (arch.)

51°48′S

59°31′W

12

Yes

There are 19 National Nature Reserves in the Falkland/Malvinas Islands (eight owned by the government, two owned by environmental or conservation groups and nine owned privately); Sea Lion Island and Bertha’s Beach (East Falkland), are Ramsar Wetlands; There are Wildlife Sanctuaries (since 1964)

Magellanic Sub-Antarctic

Carcass

51°16′S

60°33′W

19

Gran Malvina (west Falkland)

51°47′S

60°07′W

4,377.00

Sea lion

52°26′S

59°05′W

9

Soledad (east Falkland)

51°48′S

58°47′W

6,353.00

Trinidad (Saunders)

51°20′S

60°10′W

132

Gough

40°19′S

9°32′W

57

No (scientific non-permanent personnel)

UNESCO World Heritage Site (1995) entered as “Gough and Inaccessible Islands”; Gough Island Wildlife Reserve (1976); Wetlands of International Importance (Ramsar)

Subtropical

Heard

53°05′S

73°31′E

368

No

UNESCO World Heritage Site (1997) entered as “Heard and McDonald Islands”; The Heard and McDonald Islands are Ramsar Wetlands

Sub-Antarctic

Kerguelen (arch.)

49°15′S

69°10′E

7,215

No (scientific non-permanent personnel)

Antarctic French National Park (1938); Terrestrial Nature Reserve; Marine Nature Reserve; French Southern Territories National Nature Reserve (RNN) 2006; most islands are designated as a Specially Protected Areas; UNESCO World Heritage Site (2019) entered as “French Austral Lands and Seas”

Sub-Antarctic

Australia

49°27′S

69°50′E

37

Aux moules

49°24′S

69°56′E

4

Chateau

49°29′S

69°55′E

—

Croy

48°38′S

68°37′E

16

Grande Terre

49°15′S

69°10′E

6,675

Haute

49°22′S

69°54′E

12

Howe

48°52′S

69°27′E

54

Longue

49°32′S

69°54′E

35

Verte

49°30′S

70°02′E

1.5

Macquarie

54°37′S

158°51′W

128

No (scientific non-permanent personnel)

UNESCO World Heritage Site (1997) entered as “Macquarie Island”; Nature Sanctuary (1933); Macquarie Island Nature Reserve (1970, 1978); Biosphere Reserve (1977) under “the Man and the Biosphere Program from 1977 until its withdrawal from the program in 2011”

Sub-Antarctic

Marion

46°54′S

37°44′E

290

No (scientific non-permanent personnel)

Marion Island Nature Reserve (1995); Marine Protected Area (2013)

Sub-Antarctic

McDonald

53°03′S

72°36′E

2.6

No

UNESCO World Heritage Site (1997) entered as “Heard and McDonald Islands”; The Heard and McDonald Islands are Ramsar Wetlands; Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources

Sub-Antarctic

Prince Edward

46°52′S

37°45′E

45

No (scientific non-permanent personnel)

Prince Edward Island Nature Reserve (1995); Marine Protected Area (2013)

Sub-Antarctic

Saint Paul

38°43′S

77°31′E

8

No

Antarctic French National Park (1938) and are designated as a Specially Protected Areas; Terrestrial Nature Reserve; Marine Nature Reserve; French Southern Territories National Nature Reserve (RNN) 2006; UNESCO World Heritage Site (2019) entered as “French Austral Lands and Seas”

Sub-Antarctic

Snares

48°01′S

166°36′E

3.4

No (biological station with few scientific non-permanent personnel)

Nature Reserve (1977); National Reserve (1983); UNESCO World Heritage Site (1998) entered as “New Zealand Sub-Antarctic Islands”

Sub-Antarctic

South Georgia

54°26′S

36°33′W

3,756

No (very small scientific non-permanent personnel)

Site of Special Scientific Interest - Bird and Annenkov islands (1975); Specially Protected Area-Cooper Island (1975); Special Tourist Interest Areas (Cape Buller and Cape Wilson); Marine Protected Area (2012-2013)

Sub-Antarctic

South Orkney (arch.)

60°40′S

45°11′W

620

No (biological station with few scientific non-permanent personnel in Signy and Laurie Research Station)

Entire islands are protected without specific designation (1964); Specially Protected Areas - Moe, Lynch, Southern Powell, Grey, Michelsen islands among others (1966)

Maritime Antarctic

Coronation

60°37′S

45°35′W

457

Laurie

60°40′S

45°11′W

86

Signy

60°43′S

45°36′W

19

South Sandwich

58°25′S

26°23′W

320

No (scientific non-permanent personnel)

The island is protected without specific designation (1975)

Maritime Antarctic

Tristan da Cunha

37°07′S

12°17′W

98

Yes

The islands are protected as Sanctuaries without specific designation (1976); UNESCO World Heritage Site (1995) entered as “Gough and Inaccessible Islands”; Marine Protection Zone; Whale Sanctuary (2001) by Tristan Island Council

Subtropical