Table 3 Data source of methane emssion estimates from oil and gas system sector.

onshore

AD

Monthly provincial oil and natural gas production (https://data.stats.gov.cn)⁵⁶

M/P

EFs

The 2019 Refinement⁵⁵ and Yang et al.⁶²

Y/N

offshore

AD

• Annual output of offshore oil and natural gas by 6 coastal provinces from the China Marine Statistical Yearbook⁶¹ (2013–2018)

• Annual output of oil and natural gas (2019–2021, Supplementary Table 3)

• Monthly variation of offshore oil and natural gas production byy 6 coastal provinces from the National Bureau of Statistics (https://data.stats.gov.cn)⁵⁶

M/P

EFs

The 2019 Refinement⁵⁵ and Yang et al.⁶²

Y/N