Table 3 Association of blood cadmium level quartiles with hyperuricemia.

CdB range, μg/L

≤0.60

0.61–2.09

2.10–4.29

≥4.30

 Model adjusted for age, smoking, PbB

Ref.

1.22 (0.82, 1.80)

1.43 (0.96, 2.12)

1.50 (1.00, 2.24)

<0.05

 Full model, overall*

Ref.

1.22 (0.79, 1.87)

1.82 (1.18, 2.79)

1.61 (1.04, 2.49)

<0.05

 Full model, eGFR >60 mL/min per 1.73 m²

Ref.

1.29 (0.82, 2.03)

1.99 (1.26, 3.15)

1.77 (1.11, 2.80)

<0.01

 Full model, non-smoker

Ref.

1.03 (0.58, 1.81)

1.65 (0.94, 2.92)

1.50 (0.85, 2.64)

0.08

CdB range, μg/L

≤0.50

0.51–1.65

1.66–3.88

≥3.89

 Model adjusted for age, smoking, PbB

Ref.

0.95 (0.60, 1.51)

1.24 (0.79, 1.94)

1.13 (0.70, 1.83)

0.424

 Full model, overall*

Ref.

1.02 (0.61, 1.70)

1.36 (0.83, 2.22)

1.25 (0.74, 2.11)

0.265

 Full model, eGFR >60 mL/min per 1.73 m²

Ref.

0.98 (0.57, 1.67)

1.11 (0.64, 1.94)

1.11 (0.63, 1.94)

0.642

 Full model, non-smoker

Ref.

1.08 (0.64, 1.81)

1.33 (0.81, 2.20)

1.11 (0.65, 1.90)

0.53