Figure 4

Comparison of the effect between DV21 and clinically administered drugs on drug-induced seizure models via intraventricular drug administration. (a–c) The effects of vehicle, DV21, oxcarbazepine or retigabine treatment on the PTZ-induced epilepsy models. Summary histograms of seizure susceptibility, GTC episodes and the rate of MC, respectively. Two-way ANOVA was used. (d) Summary histograms of mortality. χ² test was used. (n = 13, control; n = 15, DV21; n = 15, oxcarbzepine; n = 15, retigabine). (e–g) Summary histograms of the onset time, latency of GTC and latency of death in the pilocarpine-induced seizure model after vehicle, DV21, oxcarbazepine or retigabine treatment. Two-way ANOVA was used. (h) Summary histograms of mortality. χ² test was used. (n = 11, control; n = 14, DV21; n = 10, oxcarbzepine; n = 11, retigabine). (i–k) Comparison of the onset time, latency of ictal activity and seizure duration on the KA-induced seizure model after vehicle, DV21, oxcarbazepine or retigabine treatment. Two-way ANOVA was used. (n = 12, control; n = 14, DV21; n = 10, oxcarbzepine; n = 10, retigabine). **P < 0.01; *P < 0.05 versus to control. Error bars are means ± s.e.m. NS, not detectable.