Figure 3

Time-calibrated tree of Schistocerca with estimated ancestral ranges inferred using DIVALIKE model implemented in BioGEOBEARS (d = 4.4589; e = 0.0287; LnL = −63.73). Outgroups are not shown. The species in bold face indicate swarming locusts. Both S. flavofasciata and S. nitens (USA) have broad distribution across two defined regions.