Figure 4

B cell hyperactivation and anomalies. (a) Human B cell in the peripheral blood (PB), peritoneal lavage (lav), spleen and lymph node (LN) of control and pristane-injected hu-mice were analysed by FACS at 8 weeks after pristane injection. B cells activation was measured by expression of B cell activation marker, CD86. Histogram (left) showed representative staining of CD86 on CD19⁺CD20⁺ B cells in PB and peritoneal lavage of control and pristane-injected hu-mice. Relative expression level was quantified as Staining Index (right) Figure shown is from four independent experiments (control n = 18; pristane n = 14). (b) Human plasma cells/plasmablasts were identified by their surface markers CD19^loCD20⁻CD27⁺CD38^hi and were quantified as percentage of human CD45. Figure is from three independent experiments (control n = 11; pristane n = 10). (c) CD19⁺CD20⁺ B cell subsets were identified by their surface markers CD27 and IgD, as indicated, and were quantified as percentage of CD19⁺CD20⁺ B cells. Figure shown is from three independent experiments (control n = 14; pristane n = 12). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001.