Figure 3
Changed profile of the shortest paths (bold brown edges) connecting the EES: 3 (‘I do not express my emotions to other people’) node with five hub nodes, including DASS-21: 11 (stress: agitated), EQ-short: 7 (empathy: predict feelings), EES: 12 (not showing even very intense feelings), EES: 13 (cannot hide my feelings), and EES: 15 (not very emotionally expressive), in the emotion–empathy network (a) before and (b) after the Empathy-Enhancement Program for Medical Students. The EES: 3 node demonstrated a significant change in the clustering coefficient value (*p < 0.015, based on the distribution of given values calculated from graph theory analyses of 5,000 pseudo-networks, produced using random permutations for 80 participant time points into two subgroups). Abbreviations: DASS, Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21; EES, Emotional Expressivity Scale; EQ, Empathy Quotient-Short Form; JSE, Jefferson Scale of Empathy-S version.
